PLANE MYSTERY
What happened to Flight MH370 and when did the Malaysia Airlines plane disappear?
Plus, the latest developments in the investigation
MALAYSIA Airlines Flight 370 shocked the world when it mysteriously vanished without a trace.
Despite undergoing the most expensive underwater search in history, the families of those on board are no closer to understanding what happened.
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What happened to flight MH370?
Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370 took off from Kuala Lumpur and was heading to Beijing with 239 people on board but it never reached its destination.
Passengers included a group of Chinese calligraphers, a couple on their way home to their young sons after a long-delayed honeymoon, and a construction worker who hadn't been home in a year.
But at 12.14am on March 8, 2014, Malaysia Airlines lost contact with MH370 close to Phuket island in the Strait of Malacca.
Before that, Malaysian authorities believe the last words heard from the plane, from either the pilot or co-pilot, was "Good night Malaysian three seven zero".
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Landing in the north
Early theories focused on the idea that the plane had flown north into central Asia.
Although this idea has been discredited, it had some validity at the time due to the course military radar was tracking it on.
MH370 started on a north-east route, then turned and flew south-west and then turned again, heading north-west towards India.
The possibility of a northern landing was refuted by company Inmarsat which owned the satellite which had been tracking it.
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The idea was further discredited when parts of the plane were washed up off the coast of Africa.
'Mass hypoxia'
After debris from the plane was discovered on beaches across east Africa, it was concluded that the MH370 crashed somewhere in the south Indian Ocean near Western Australia.
Missing MH370 flight could have 'easily been sabotaged from the inside' in a plot to crash the plane, ex-pilot says
This theory speculates there was some sort of accident or malfunction before the plane crashed, causing the plane to change direction in an attempt to find somewhere to land.
The accident might have caused a "mass hypoxia event" - a sudden loss of oxygen - which knocked out the crew and passengers before they could land.
The plane would then continue on autopilot until it ran out of fuel.
This theory is favoured by the Malaysian government and the Australian Transport Safety Bureau (ATSB).
A deliberate act
There are numerous variations on this rather wild conspiracy theory but most centre on Captain Zaharie deliberately crashing the plane, or as part of some bizarre murder-suicide.
There has never been any proof that Zaharie diverted the plane on purpose.
Fuel was added to the fire on this theory when it was discovered that the pilot had a flight simulator in his basement and had been practising this specific flight before the event.
His family said he "loved life" and had an unblemished flying record.
The latest variation on this idea was put forward by the Independent Group, who believe the pilot soared the flight to 40,000ft so the plane would depressurise and the passengers would slowly die of suffocation before he crashed it into the Indian Ocean.
'Priority zone'
The final report by the ATSB in 2017 put forward two theories.
The first just restated the unconscious pilot theory but added the plane had entered the water at a "high and increasing rate of descent", meaning it was free-falling.
The second was that a small new area, referred to as the "priority zone", was possibly the final location of the plane.
This area covering 25,000sqkm was just to the north of where they had failed to find the plane in their own search.
Controlled ditching by conscious pilot
US company Ocean Infinity searched this "priority zone" in 2018 but found nothing and even searched further and further north but still failed to find MH370.
That failure to find anything triggered a rethink about what may have happened.
All he had to say was ‘Go check something in the cabin,’ and the guy would have been gone."
The unnamed pilot told The Atlantic
Some thought the pilot could have been conscious and performed a "controlled ditching" after gliding the plane for as long as possible.
If that was the case this would mean the plane could have come down around 200km further than had been assumed.
This has been rejected by the ATSB which pointed to data indicating the plane was in a "high and increasing rate of descent" in its final moments.
'Mystery woman'
New investigative series MH370: The Untold Story claimed a "mystery woman" could unlock the secrets of the missing flight.
The documentary claimed they had identified a lady who sent a message to a man on board just two days before the plane vanished.
This came after authorities first investigated a mystery woman in 2014 who made a two-minute phone call to captain, Zaharie Ahmad Shah, shortly before the plane’s take-off, using a pay-as-you-go SIM card.
The SIM was obtained under a false identity.
Co-pilot locked out
The Daily Mail reported in 2019 that the captain of MH370 could have locked the co-pilot out of the cockpit and then crashed the plane in a murder-suicide.
It was a claim made by fellow pilot and life-long friend of pilot Zaharie, 53, who was in command of the Boeing 777 the night it vanished.
He reluctantly concluded that Zaharie deliberately crashed the plane.
The pilot said that as a senior officer and examiner, it would have been easy to divert co-pilot Fariq Abdul Hamid, 27, out of the cockpit and then lock the door.
The fellow pilot speculated that the mental state of Shah could have been a contributing factor to his decision.
He said: “All he had to say was ‘Go check something in the cabin,’ and the guy would have been gone."
He added: “Zaharie’s marriage was bad.
"In the past he slept with some of the flight attendants.”
Who were the pilot and co-pilot?
Malaysian captain Zaharie Amad Shah was flying MH370 when it disappeared.
Shah, born July 31, 1961, was described as a veteran pilot who joined Malaysia Airlines in 1981.
A father of three, passionate cook and keen fisherman, Shah lived with his wife in a luxury gated community where he was said to have built his own flight simulator.
In the wake of the plane's disappearance, rumours surfaced claiming his wife had moved out of their home.
The co-pilot was Fariq Abdul Hamid, 27, who was on his first flight on a 777 as a fully approved first officer.
He had flown five times before with a "check co-pilot" overseeing him.
But he had 2,763 hours of experience flying other jets before moving to the larger aircraft.
Fariq was reportedly planning to marry his girlfriend.
What is the latest?
On March 4, 2024, Malaysia Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim said they are willing to re-open an investigation if there is compelling new evidence.
Ibrahim said: "I don't think it's a technical issue.
"It's an issue affecting the lives of people and whatever needs to be done must be done."
His comments came as the families marked 10 years since the plane disappeared.
The pilot decided to divert his aircraft and make it disappear in one of the remotest places in the world."
Richard Godfrey told 7News
In February 2022, a major breakthrough was made discovering the exact point that the plane might have crashed.
The investigation was restarted following a report by British aerospace engineer Richard Godfrey.
As reported by the BBC, he said: "No one had the idea before to combine Inmersat satellite data, with Boeing performance data, with Oceanographic floating debris drift data, with WSPR net data."
This new technology-enabled Godfrey to "apply it to MH370" with "confidence" and find out where the plane might have landed.
Godfrey concluded that the plane is 1,200 miles west of Perth, Australia, at the bottom of what is known as Broken Ridge, an underwater plateau with a volcano and ravines in the south-eastern Indian Ocean.
Godfrey agreed with the theory of Captain Shah about crashing the plane on purpose.
He told Australia's 7News how he believes that the crash was a form of "hijacking" and an "act of terrorism".
The Brit claims the pilot “decided to divert his aircraft and make it disappear in one of the remotest places in the world”.
Has the engine been found?
Five pieces, thought to be from the plane, washed up in Madagascar.
Aviation expert Victor Iannello believes one fragment, which appears to be from the interior floorboard, is consistent with a “high-speed impact".
More than 30 bits of aircraft debris have been collected from various places around the world but only three wing fragments that washed up along the Indian Ocean have been confirmed to be from MH370.
In October 2018, a sleuth claimed he'd spotted an engine in the Cambodian jungle.
Daniel Boyer previously claimed to have found the cockpit and tail, complete with Malaysia Airlines logo, of the missing aircraft.
Boyer told the Daily Star Online that the measurements of the blurry image matched those of the engine perfectly, being 4.3m wide and 2.7m in length.
Boyer's discovery built off the work of Brit Ian Wilson, who first found what he thinks is an image of the plane on Google Maps.
However, more recently, an MH370 sleuth has claimed that locals in Cambodia told him they saw a plane believed to be the doomed Malaysia Airlines flight crashing in the jungle.
And author Jeff Wise claims to have found proof the satellite communications systems was switched back on 40 minutes after it "went dark", complicating the mystery.
In February 2021, wreck hunter Blaine Gibson believed that a piece of debris, believed to be from a Malaysian 777, came ashore on a South African beach, near Port Elizabeth.
He believes that it may be a part of a spoiler wing panel used to reduce lift.
The many theories that have emerged about the doomed flight have made the trauma of the ordeal all that much more worse for the families of the passengers, who seemingly, will never get the closure they need for their loved ones.